Study: pregnant women need more protein

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Referenz Stephens TV, Payne M, Ball RO, Pencharz PB, Elango R. Der Proteinbedarf gesunder schwangerer Frauen während der frühen und späten Schwangerschaft ist höher als die aktuellen Empfehlungen. J Nutr. 2015;145(1):73-78. Studiendesign Randomisierte Studie Teilnehmer Neunundzwanzig gesunde Frauen im Alter von 24 bis 37 Jahren ohne Schwangerschaftskomplikationen: 10 nahmen nur während der frühen Schwangerschaft, 12 nur während der späten Schwangerschaft und 7 während beider Schwangerschaften teil. Die Probanden entschieden sich dafür, während jeder Studienperiode zwischen 1 und 4 Studientage zu absolvieren. Wenn die Probanden mehr als 1 Tag pro Periode wählten, wurden die Testtage durch mindestens 5 Tage getrennt. Studienparameter …
Reference Stephens TV, Payne M, Ball RO, Pencharz PB, Elango R. The protein needs of healthy pregnant women during the early and late pregnancy is higher than the current recommendations. Jnutr. 2015; 145 (1): 73-78. Study design randomized study participant participants twenty -nine healthy women between the ages of 24 and 37 without pregnancy complications: 10 only took part during the early pregnancy, 12 only during late pregnancy and 7 during both pregnancies. The subjects decided to complete between 1 and 4 study days during each study period. If the test subjects chose more than 1 day per period, the test days were separated by at least 5 days. Study parameters ... (Symbolbild/natur.wiki)

Reference

Stephens TV, Payne M, Ball Ro, Pencharz PB, Elango R. The protein requirement of healthy pregnant women during the early and late pregnancy is higher than the current recommendations. j nutr. 2015; 145 (1): 73-78.

study design

randomized study

participant

twenty -nine healthy women between the ages of 24 and 37 without pregnancy complications: 10 only took part during the early pregnancy, 12 only during late pregnancy and 7 during both pregnancies. The subjects decided to complete between 1 and 4 study days during each study period. If the test subjects chose more than 1 day per period, the test days were separated by at least 5 days.

study parameters evaluated

This study used the method of indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) to determine the protein requirement of these women. IAAO technology is based on the assumption that if any amino acids for protein synthesis are poor, all additional remaining amino acids are oxidized. If additional amounts of the poor amino acids are administered, the oxidation decreases. If the protein requirement is covered by the body, the oxidation rate stabilizes.
In this test, the participants received isocaloric diets (1.7 times the calculated energy consumption in the idle state). [REE] Each individual) with different amounts of protein (3 % –21 % of the total calories or 0.22 g/kg-2.56 g/kg body weight), with the exception of carbon-13-marked phenylalanine and tyrosine, which were administered in constant doses to measure the oxidation degree. Urine and breath samples were removed at the start of the course and 2.5 hours after the introduction of the tracer amino acid (6 samples removed every 30 minutes).

Primary result measurements

The rate of phenylalanin-tracer-oxidation was calculated for each subject to show which protein dose the oxidation values ​​had stabilized, which indicates that the protein requirement of women was covered.

important knowledge

iaao tests showed that the protein requirement of pregnant women with 1.22 g/kg in early pregnancy and 1.52 g/kg in late pregnancy was covered.

practice implications

Especially during the first pregnancy, many women have pronounced concerns about nutrition: how to eat, what they eat and when they should eat. As a provider, we have the opportunity to guide you to an optimal nutrition and to give you the certainty that you make reasonable decisions. In connection with so many prohibitions in terms of mothers' nutrition - foods that can be avoided due to possible bacterial contamination, mercury, lead, pesticides or nitrates; Blood sugar dysregulation; Inadequate or too strong weight gain - it is good to have some advice, the women help to relax and trust their intuition. This study finds that the protein requirement of women during pregnancy is higher than before and possibly closer to what women demand.
While it can be confusing to create an optimal diet for every person during pregnancy, the results of this study indicate that the recommendation of a higher protein intake can correspond to what is intuitive for the patient.
iaao is a relatively new method that has become popular to determine the protein requirement in humans. 1-4 In the past, the protein requirement was determined by the nitrogen balance sheet method, which can be difficult to determine that the entire nitrogen recording and output is carefully recorded and that the test is left for the duration of the tests in order to remain in the test setup Measuring nitrogen loss due to urine, feces, saliva and wounds. This test takes much longer and requires that the test subjects are put into a deficiency longer, which makes it unsuitable for pregnant women. For this reason, the current recommendations for the protein intake during pregnancy (estimated average need of 0.88 g/kg and recommended daily dose of 1.1 g/kg) are based on studies on nitrogen record of non -swanger adults, which were extrapolated with the total body of paralysis during pregnancy. Determine the protein requirement during pregnancy because you can carry out this test on pregnant women. In addition, this is one of the first studies that distinguish maternal needs during the early and late pregnancy period.
It is important to understand the protein requirement during pregnancy, since protein is the macronutrient that strongly influences the birth weight. This study assumes sufficient calorie intake; For well-eaten women without diabetes, protein is the macronutrient that is most likely to increase the birth weight. 6.7 in addition to newborn complications and increased mortality, a low birth weight correlates even with long-term health problems such as type 2 diabetes, kidney diseases and breathing problems. Protein-rich diet of pregnant women is therefore crucial for the short and long-term health of their children.
However, it is important to consider that this study has shown that protein consumption must be higher than the current recommendations, but does not have to be exceptionally high. The average weight of the subjects during the early pregnancy was 64.4 kg, which indicates a need for 78.6 g protein per day or 314 calories in protein. The calculated REE was an average of 1,370 calories a day, so that the test subjects were given an average of 2,329 calories (1.7 REE), which corresponds to a sufficient protein absorption of 13.5 % of the calories. In the late pregnancy, the average weight was 71.1 kg, with a requirement of 108.1 g protein or 432 calories per day. Ree was 1,480, so the test subjects received an average of 2,516 calories, with sufficient protein intake of 15 % of the calories. This 13 % to 15 % of protein calories are far lower than the recommended quantities in practically every modern nutrition plan, with the exception of some raw, vegan and protruding diets-by which none is recommended during pregnancy.
Based on these new recommendations, the menu example below offers sufficient protein sources for late pregnancy with far fewer calories than for one day; A pregnant woman could be encouraged to include these foods in the context of other foods that she prefers to cover her additional calorie needs.
  • breakfast: 2 eggs, 2 slices toast = 21 g protein
  • snack: 1 ounce cheese = 7 g
  • lunch: 1 C cooked lentils with steamed vegetables = 18 g
  • snack: 2 tablespoons of peanut butter on 2 rye crackers = 12 g
  • dinner: 1 cup of cooked chicken breast with 1 cup of quinoa and steamed vegetables = 51 g
  • total: 109 g protein, approx. 1300 calories
Against this background, doctors can see that their patients intuitively consume an appropriate amount of protein. A current Canadian study showed that pregnant women are generally taking protein amounts that correspond more with the results of this study than with the currently recommended daily dose. 12 This naturally presupposes that women have sufficient calorie intake and the financial and practical means to select the food they eat.
A question that is relevant for the completeness of the information from the study is the possible impact of the type of food consumed and not just the macronutrient content. On the day of the study, all calories of the day were consumed as a shake, consisting of the protein additive based on a protein composition, Kool-Aid or Tang, and a Shake-based powder, consisting of palm, soy, coconut, and sunflower oils; Maiss syrup; Cornstarch; Saccharosis; Calcium phosphate; Sodium citrate; Vitamins; and minerals and unspecified "protein -free cookies". Although this mixture meets the requirements of the macronutrient encryption desired for the research study, it is certainly not similar to a nutritional plan that most providers advised to advise pregnant women. Although this study offers us a good basis to advise patients, it is possible in the area of ​​the possible metabolic and protein requirement of a pregnant woman when fiber, complex carbohydrates and phytonutrients are available in diet.
While it can be confusing to create an optimal diet for every person during pregnancy, the results of this study indicate that the recommendation of a higher protein recording can correspond to what is intuitive for the patient. Women who are sufficiently fed and have the financial means to choose which food they eat will probably be able to cover their protein needs every day, as long as they feel good enough and remember to eat some protein food every few hours. Women who have difficulty fulfilling this recommendation for increased protein intake need advice from health service providers to find out which foods contain protein and remember to eat these foods every few hours. This helps to optimize the health of the baby as a newborn and throughout life.

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