Study: HEPA air filter can improve cardiovascular health

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Reference Kajbafzadeh M, Brauer M, Karen B, Carlsten C, van Eeden S, Allen RW. The effects of traffic-related and wooden smoke dust on measurements of cardiovascular health: a HEPA filter intervention study. Occup Environ Med. 2015; 72 (6): 394-400. Design A randomized, simply blinded crossover intervention study to measure the effect of air filtration on marker for cardiovascular diseases participants. The investigators recruited 83 healthy adults between the ages of 19 and 72 years from 44 households in areas affected by traffic or wood smoke affected by Metro Vancouver, British Columbia. Of the 83 participants, 29 lived in areas with high wood smoke and 54 in areas with high traffic -related pollution. Intervention A highly efficient fine dust filtering (HEPA) ...
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reference

Kajbafzadeh M, Brauer M, Karen B, Carlsten C, van Eeden S, Allen RW. The effects of traffic-related and wooden smoke dust on measurements of cardiovascular Health: a HEPA filter intervention study. Occup Environ Med . 2015; 72 (6): 394-400.

Design

A randomized, simply blinded crossover intervention study to measure the effect of air filtration on markers for cardiovascular diseases

participant

The investigators recruited 83 healthy adults between the ages of 19 and 72 from 44 households in areas affected by traffic or wood smoke, British Columbia. Of the 83 participants, 29 lived in areas with high wood smoke and 54 in areas with high traffic -related pollution.

Intervention

A highly efficient fine dust filtering (HEPA) was used to reduce the exposure to fine dust (pm2.5) generated by combustion (pm2.5 is fine dust with a diameter of less than 2.5 µm).

target parameter

The PM2.5 concentrations (µm/m3) were measured during 2 consecutive 7-day periods, 1 with filtration and the other with "placebo filtration". Endothel function and biomarker of systemic inflammation [C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and Band Cells] were measured at the end of each 7-day period. The endothelial function was evaluated by peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT), a test that uses pneumatic finger sensors to identify changes in the pulse wave amplitude during a period of induced reactive hyperemia.

important knowledge

The HEPA filtration was associated with a total of 40 % with a decrease in the PM2.5 concentration indoors. PM2.5 in interiors fell by 36 % in households that were affected by traffic -related pollution, and 48 % in households with PM2.5 by wood smoke.
There was no significant connection between PM2.5 exposure and the endothelial function. Among male participants in areas with high traffic-related air pollution, there was an increase in CRP values ​​by 20.6% per unit in the median of the PM2.5-increase [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.62% -41.7%] while there was no indication of an association.
Air pollution from fine dust is an essential factor for cardiovascular diseases.
There was indications of a connection between PM2.5 indoors and CRP for people to traffic-controlled locations-an increase in the CRP by 42.1 % per interquartile area (IQR) increase of pm2.5 indoors (95 % AI: 1.2 %-99.5 %). - but not among those affected by wood smoke. (The interquartile area (IQR) is a measure of the variability, based on the subdivision of a data record into quarters. Quarters divide an orderly data record into 4 equal parts.) There were no associations between PM2.5 and IL-6 or band cells in both populations
The detection of a connection between CRP and interior PM2.5 In healthy adults in traffic-influenced areas, the hypothesis matches that traffic-related particles play an important role in the cardiovascular effects of the urban PM mixture even in relatively low concentrations.

practice implications

Exposure to fine dust air pollution, in particular PM2.5, is associated with an increase in inflammatory markers in patients with cardiovascular diseases, including C-reactive protein, interleukin-12 and myelopoxidase. The main sources of this particle seem to be long -distance transport, traffic and biomass burning.
HEPA air filter reduce exposure to fine dust and are associated with a reduction in systemic inflammation through traffic-related air pollution. Air pollution from fine dust is seen as a major factor for cardiovascular diseases, with smaller particles have a greater effect than larger particles. Hospital stays in the emergency room were correlated with fluctuating PM2.5 values ​​outdoors.
Three related articles published in 2015 examined the relationship between air filtration, pm2.5 and health. A study with Chinese students in student dormitories showed that air purification within operating hours led to a 57%reduction in the PM2.5 concentration from 96.2 μg/m3 to 41.3 μg/m3, and the reduction was significantly associated with a decline Biomarker. 3 A study in Los Angeles has shown that the use of an air purification system in school buses (highly efficient cabin air filtering) effectively reduces the exposure of children compared to particle -shaped pollutants. No biomarkers were tested in this study, but the content of ultra -fine particles and soot in the cabin was reduced by 88 % or 84 %. 4 A study on the effect of air filtration at home at 48 older adults indicates that particle concentrations in the free adverse effect (MVF) and PM2.5 and PM2. Bioaerosols outdoors and interior with changes in the markers for inflammation and lung cells are connected.
A fourth study published in 2014 analyzed the effect of internal air filtering in 31 households in Smithers, BC, in winter 2009-2010. In this study, air filtration PM2.5 reduced by 52 %.
When we look at the health burdens from environmental factors, we often focus on nutrition or suggest nutritional supplements to reduce inflammatory reactions. We rarely think of the use of air filtration to reduce these reactions, and we may think even less of air filtration than a way to reduce acute cardiovascular risk. The evidence is increasing that our patients who are exposed to fine dust loads daily or acutely - for example those who live in houses with wooden smoke or in heavily frequented areas - can benefit from an air filter system. The use of an air filter system for reducing PM2.5 exposure is a relatively simple intervention that can make a significant difference in the general health results.

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