Study: Bitter orange: Another means of improving sleep

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<Die Studie "Bitterorange: Ein weiteres Mittel zur Verbesserung des Schlafes" zeigt, dass das Einatmen von Citrus aurantium (Bitterorange) über 4 Wochen hinweg zu einer signifikanten Verbesserung des Schlafs bei postmenopausalen Frauen führen kann. Die randomisierte, kontrollierte Studie ergab, dass das Aroma von Bitterorangenöl zu einer statistisch signifikanten Reduktion des Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index führte, was auf eine verbesserte Schlafqualität hindeutet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Bitterorange ein vielversprechendes Mittel zur Verbesserung des Schlafs sein könnte, insbesondere bei postmenopausalen Frauen.>
<The study "Bitter orange: Another means of improving sleep" shows that inhaling Citrus Aurantium (bitter orange) over 4 weeks can lead to a significant improvement in sleep in postmenopausal women. The randomized, controlled study showed that the aroma of bitter orange oil led to a statistically significant reduction in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, which indicates improved sleep quality. The results show that bitter orange could be a promising means to improve sleep, especially for postmenopausal women. (Symbolbild/natur.wiki)

<0.001). In addition, no significant side effects were reported in connection with the aroma inhalation. This study suggests that the inhalation of Citrus Aurantium Aroma could be a simple and effective method to improve sleep quality in postmenopausal women. This is particularly relevant because sleep disorders occur frequently in the postmenopausal phase and are often inadequate. Further research is required to examine the long -term effects and the mechanism of this treatment.

Details of the study:

reference

Abbaspoor Z, Siahposh A, Javadifar N, Faal Siahkal S, Mohaghegh Z, Sharifipour F. The effect of citrus aurantium aroma on sleep quality in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled study. Int j Community based only midwife. 2022; 10 (2): 86-95.

study goal

to determine whether the inhalation of citrus aurantium (bitter orange) daily over 4 weeks would improve the sleep of women after menopause

Key to take away

Inhalation from citrus aurantium for 5 minutes, twice a day, 4 days a week over 4 weeks, led to a significant improvement in sleep in postmenopausal women. A significant part of this subpopulation is affected by sleep complaints.

design

randomized, controlled study in which both the participants and the researchers were

with regard to the treatment conditions blind

participant

80 postmenopausal women aged 45 and 60 took part in this study. Inclusion criteria were the ability to read and write, the absence of menstruation for 12 months or more, 5 or more in the questionnaire for the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, no medical or mental disorder, available medical records, no alcohol and no stressful events in the 6 months in advance.

intervention

The participants gave 2 drops of oil on their forearm twice a day (10 a.m. and 10 p.m.) and inhaled the aroma from a distance of 30 cm with normal breathing for 5 minutes. The treatment group received 10 % citrus aurantium oil (mixed with odorless almond oil, diluted with propylene glycol), while the control group received odorless almond oil, which was also diluted with propylene glycol. They inhaled the aroma for four weeks on four consecutive days a week.

study parameters

The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was the only result of the result. The PSQI is a well -validated and frequently used measure of subjective sleep that is used worldwide.

primary result

This study determined whether sleep improved subjectively by inhalation treatment with bitter oranges.

most important knowledge

The postmenopausal women who used the citrus aurantium oil led to a statistically significant improvement in their subjective sleep, whereby the PSQI dropped from 12.08 to 5.75 to 5.75. The PSQI was unchanged in the control group.

transparency

The research center of the AHVAZ JUNDISHAPUR University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, financed this study.

effects and restrictions for practice

worldwide people suffer from sleep complaints, and the number has increased in recent years. 2 Sleeping problems contribute to a variety of other medical disorders, from anxiety and depression to cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory diseases and obesity. Sleep treatments that are easy to implement for researchers and clinicians high priority.

Inhalation aroma therapy for sleep has a historical precedent and research in this area is increasing. 4 Reviews have found indications of the use of bergamot, cedar, lemon, rose, rose, sweet orange, valerian and other etheric oils. Molecules the odor system, which in turn sends signals to the limbic system and the autonomous nervous system. Essential oil molecules in the airways can directly stimulate the central nervous system.

A meta -analysis in 2021 7 found that aromatherapy had different effects on different sleep disorders. Lavender is the most frequently used aromatherapy for sleeping, especially in the case of insomnia. The effect was greater if only one oil was used instead of a mixture of several essential oils. The results were also better with people with general sleep complaints for people with insomnia.

The essential bitter orange oil used in this study, which is made from the flowers, is also called neroli oil. The main component (35 %) is Linalool, which has several properties, including anxious, antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic and antidiabetic properties.

The advantage of inhalation aroma therapy for sleep is that it can easily be administered itself, does not take much time and is relatively inexpensive. A challenge can be to integrate this treatment into everyday life; Taking the 10 o'clock dose can be particularly difficult for working people.

ratings have found information on the use of Bergamot, cedar, lemon, rose, sweet oranges, valerian and other essential oils. ”

sleep disorders in women increase with increasing age. The estimated prevalence of moderate to severe sleep-related breathing disorders is 4 to 50 % in women, whereby prevalence in postmenopausal women is three to six times as high as in younger women. 26 % to 42 % of women report non -relaxing sleep. In a study from 2012, 34 % of the participants (mostly women), in which primary insomnia was diagnosed, was determined by a different sleep disorder such as sleep apnea syndrome or a periodic disruption of the limb movement. In this study, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was the primary result of results. The PSQI is a well -validated questionnaire in many population groups. 11 The 24 questions are valued using 7 subscales. The limit for sleep disorders is 5 or more.

Although the PSQI is a well -validated subjective measure of sleep, it cannot diagnose specific sleep disorders. There are over 60 sleep disorders. 12 Unfortunately, the vast majority of sleep disorders are not diagnosed, which leads to increased personal health risks and social costs. If you simply rely on a subjective sleep improvement, there is concern that an underlying sleep disorder may not be diagnosed and treated. Although this treatment with bitter orange aromatherapy significantly lowered PSQI after four-week treatment, the value was still 5.75 ± 1.33 above the limit for sleep disorders ( p <0.001). This indicates that the participants still suffer from clinically significant sleep disorders.

Therefore, it would be appropriate in the clinical environment to carry out another screening and an assessment of all 60 sleep disorders and then carry out treatment. In view of the large number of people with subjective sleep complaints and the simplicity of inhalation aroma therapy, this is a welcome addition to the clinical instruments. The bitter orange aroma therapy could be used for subjective relief while other sleep disorders are excluded.

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