Mediterranean diet helps breast cancer survivors with weight goals

reference

Braakhuis A, Campion P, Bishop K. The effects of nutrition education on weight and health biomarkers for breast cancer survivors. med sci (Basel) . 2017; 5 (2): 12.

objective

Determination of the effects of nutritional changes to weight, waist size, BMI, blood fat profiles and glucose profiles for breast cancer survivors

draft

Six-month, 3-armed, parallel randomized control study with Baseline tests and post-intervention tests

participant

Fifty postmenopausal women aged ≥ 50 years from Auckland, New Zealand, in which breast cancer was previously diagnosed and treated in stage 1, 2 or 3; All women included in the study had a BMI> 25 and had completed the treatment (chemotherapy and operation) at least 3 months and less than 3 years (including hormone therapy) before the start of their studies. Participants were excluded if they had anti -inflammatory medication, drank more than 2 alcoholic drinks a day, smoked tobacco or poorly set diabetes mellitus. Women of all ethnicity were eligible to participate.

Intervention

The participants were assigned 1 out of 3 arms according to the random principle:

ARM 1: Mediterranean Diet

ARM 2: Healthy, low-fat diet

ARM 3: No treatment (control)

The poor 1 and 2 received 6 group training for nutrition and lifestyle with 6 summary newsletters once a month.

study parameters evaluated

Body weight, BMI, waist size, complete lipid profile, hemoglobin a 1c (HBA 1C ), compliance with the Mediterranean eating behavior (using the predimed questionnaire), life quality score (functional evaluation of cancer therapy-breast [FACT-B] questionnaire), participation) on group training and 3-day nutritional diary (once filled up during the intervention period)

Primary result measurements

Change of body weight, BMI and waist circumference

important knowledge

Participants who followed the Mediterranean diet had a significantly larger weight loss (-1.61 kg), a lower BMI (-1.02) and a reduced waist size (-1.40 cm). These parameters also improved in the group, which died low in fat, but to a lesser extent (-1.35 kg weight loss, -0.56 BMI, -1.31 cm waist size). The control arm increased (+1.10 kg) and had an increase in the BMI (+0.58) and the waist circumference (+1.94).

practice implications

obesity and obesity are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer 1 and poorer prognosis for breast cancer survivors. ^{2 mechanisms in connection with obesity, which assumes that they influence the progress of breast cancer, include increased mirrors of circulating insulin and insulin -like Growth factors, sex hormones and cytokines that are released from adipose tissue. 3 In this study and in other 4 breast cancer survivors tend to increase in weight during and after cancer treatment. Targeted treatment strategies such as improved nutrition and physical movement benefit our patients directly by improving the markers for the progression of cancer, and indirectly by reducing weight.}

This study compared 2 nutritional interventions with a control arm without treatment and found a significant improvement in weight, BMI and waist size in the arm with a Mediterranean diet and a certain improvement in the arm with a healthy fat diet. Other studies have observed a similar trend for improving weight loss and waist scope at the Mediterranean diet compared to a low -fat diet. ^{5.6 But the Mediterranean diet is more than just an effective diet for weight loss in this population group.}

The Mediterranean diet is a great option for survivors of breast cancer. It focuses on vegetables, fruit, legumes, whole grain products, fish and virgin olive oil extra (EVOO), ingredients we know that are important for your health. In addition, it is a colorful diet that is rich in secondary plant substances, including antioxidants, anti -inflammatory inhibitors and polyphenols. It has been shown that the Mediterranean nutrition marker in connection with the metabolic syndrome (highly sensitive C-reactive protein [HS-CRP] interleukin [IL] -7, IL-18 and insulin resistance), 7 which is associated with increased cancer incidence and cancer-related mortality in connection with. Inflammation 8 and lipidoxidation. ^{9 It was also shown that it reduces the incidence of breast cancer 10 and reducing breast cancer.}

What is the take home measuring? Breast cancer survivors need their help to keep their weight or lose weight after cancer treatment. Without any intervention, a trend towards weight gain was observed, which deteriorates its forecast. The choice of a diet that is rich in secondary plant substances offers you additional benefits through various mechanisms, and the Mediterranean diet is a well -documented good option. Nutritional advice proved to be effective in this study; However, other studies have found improved compliance if the patients have had practical experiences such as cooking courses.