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Diodia Scandens - Emerging antifungal
Introduction Our ancestors in Africa have always been engaged in the use of plants and their various parts for the treatment of various diseases as well as for harmful purposes such as poisons. In general, plants are used in folk medicine and as local remedies for common diseases worldwide. Medicinal plants in particular have been used as remedies for human diseases for centuries as they contain components of therapeutic value (Okoli et al., 2009). Folk medicine gave rise to traditional medical systems for various diseases. Diodia scandens Sw has enormous utility and importance (Essiett et al., 2011). Description According to Essiett et al. (2010). Diodia scandens Sw (Rubiaceae) is a...
Diodia Scandens - Emerging antifungal
introduction
Our ancestors in Africa have always been engaged in the use of plants and their various parts to treat various diseases as well as for harmful purposes such as poisons. In general, plants are used in folk medicine and as local remedies for common diseases worldwide. Medicinal plants in particular have been used as remedies for human diseases for centuries as they contain components of therapeutic value (Okoli et al., 2009). Folk medicine gave rise to traditional medical systems for various diseases. Diodia scandens Sw has enormous utility and importance (Essiett et al., 2011).
Description
According to Essiett et al. (2010). Diodia scandens Sw (Rubiaceae) is an evergreen perennial herb that has an alternative leaf arrangement, petiole is present. It has compound leaves, ovate to lanceolate in shape, reticulated venation, entirely in the margin, its tip is acute, its base is cuneate, it has a glabrous surface and its texture is charteceous. Diodia scandens Sw has a dark green color, is tasteless and odorless and has a solitary inflorescence. It is a stray herb that was used in West African medicine. It has enormous utility and importance; Whole parts of the plant are useful in curing various diseases.
Used
In general, the medicinal value of plants includes use as antidotes (poisonous stings, bites, etc.), painkillers, treatment of venereal diseases, and cutaneous and subcutaneous fungal infections. However, the different parts of the plant's sap, leaf, stem and root are used for different medicinal purposes. The leaf is used to treat arthritis, rheumatism, cutaneous and subcutaneous parasitic infections, diarrhea, dysentery and anti-abortion drugs. The leaf plus roots are used for dropsy, swelling, edema and gout and as lactation stimulants. while the juice is used to treat ear infections, paralysis, epilepsy, convulsions, convulsions and lung problems.
Photochemical properties
In recent years, secondary plant metabolites – so-called photochemicals – have been extensively studied for their effectiveness as drugs. Studies conducted on some plants showed that some plants contain many substances such as peptides, tannins, alkaloids, essential oils, phenols and flavonoids, which could serve as sources for antimicrobial production (Okoli et al., 2009). D. scandens does not contain alkaloids, flavonoids, phobotannins and anthraquinones. However, saponins are present that have anti-inflammatory, anti-yeast, anti-fungal, parasitic, anti-tumor, antiviral and abortifacient effects. Tannins, which have astringent and cleansing properties, were also present and can be used to treat diarrhea. According to Essiet et al. (2011), photochemistry of the leaf extract revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, cardiac glycosides and the absence of flavenoids, phlobatannins, alkaloids and anthraquinones.
Antimicrobial properties
D. scandens also has antimicrobial properties, much of which is not yet known or documented. It is used in some places in Nigeria to treat cutaneous and subcutaneous fungal infections. In this procedure, the sap is squeezed out of the entire plant, collected fresh, and the liquid is applied to the infected skin by scrubbing. If this is done frequently for about 3 to 5 days, the antifungal effect can be seen. This is consistent with the report by Essiett et al. (2011) who stated that the leaves are used in Nigeria to cure eczema which is a fungal infection.
Conclusion
In general, plants are used in folk medicine all over the world, and as local remedies for common diseases and especially medicinal plants have been used for centuries as remedies for human diseases because they contain components of therapeutic value. Diodia scandens Sw has enormous utility and importance (Essiett et al., 2011). The different parts of the plant Diodia scandensap, leaf, stem and root are used for various medicinal purposes. The plant does not contain alkaloids, flavonoids, phobotannins and anthraquinones, but rather saponins, tannins and cardiac glycosides. The plant has antifungal properties, evident in its use to treat cutaneous and subcutaneous fungal infections such as eczema. It is recommended that further research be carried out on the plant to properly evaluate its antibacterial properties.
References
Akah, PA, Okogun, JI and Ekpendu, TO (1993). Antioedema and analgesic effects of Diodia scandens extract in rats and mice. Phytotherapy research. Vo. 7, Issue 4: 317–319.
Essiett, UA, Bala, DN and Agbakahi, JA (2010). Pharmacognostic studies of the leaves and stem of Diodia scandens Sw in Nigeria. Scholars Research Lirary, archive for applied scientific research. 2(5): 184–198.
Okoli, RI, Turay, AA, Mensah, JK and Aigbe, AO (2009). Phytochemical and antimicrobial properties of four herbs from Edo State, Nigeria. Report and statement. 1(5): 67-73.