Effects of nutrition on productivity and healthy growth of the nations

Effects of nutrition on productivity and healthy growth of the nations

nigeria has improved socio -economic. The problem of malnutrition still employed some of their citizens. For a long time it was hindered by political instability, corruption, inadequate infrastructure and poor macroeconomic management. This has led to excessive dependence on the capital -intensive oil sector, which provides 20 % of GDP, 95 % of foreign exchange income and about 65 % of household revenue. But certain government and economic reforms have brought many improvements that range from an estimated increase in your GDP from $ 430 per capita in 2003 to $ 1,000 in 2005. The unemployment rate was reduced from 3.2 % in 1997 to 2.9 % in 2005 microfinance banking and banking and consolidation by the CBN led to Nigerian banks being classified as one of the best in Africa. The highlight of the whole was the historical debt relief worth $ 30 billion of the $ 37 billion, the Nigeria to the Paris Club in March 2006 had malnutrition and 60 % below the poverty border in 2000. I categorized the Nigerian nutritional problem for clarification in malnutrition, overeating and micro nutrition. The purpose of this article is to review the government's efforts and to propose paths to free the country from the alienating hands of poverty that threatens the future of the country.

Nutritional problems.

Although the three nutritional problems are a summary of the country's malnutrition problem, it is good to look at the whole problem one after the other. Power nutrition is one of the greatest nutritional problems that affect people in rural areas and some of those who went into the city in search of greener pastures. Serving is characterized by an inadequate absorption of macronutrients (namely: calories and protein). According to President Obasanjo, "almost half of the children aged 7+-13 years in Nigeria are underweight". Many children and adults go to bed starved, some take a meal a day and most of these meals consist of carbohydrates. This leads to malnutrition and protein lack. It is the main cause of Kwashiorkor that is rather unique for people who live in the tropical region of Africa. For adults, the recommended daily dose (Recommended Dietary Allowance, RDA) for protein is 0.79 g per kg (0.36 g per 1b) body weight per day. For children and infants, this RDA is doubled or tripled due to their quick growth. This is the main cause of growth disorders and deformations in adolescents. A fifth of the Nigerian children dies before the age of five, especially of millions of Nigerians who also live under one dollar a day, others live from begging on the street.

over -nutrition is mainly the problem of adults and few young people, especially city residents. It is a quick escalating problem of public nutrition, which mainly reflects a change in eating habits and a more sedimentary lifestyle. The situation in Nigeria, where the economy prefers a certain group compared to others, the poor, while the rich get richer, has led to a higher percentage of overnourse-the Nigerian Big-Man disease. This nutritional problem now results in an alarming increase in nutritional chronic diseases such as type II diabetes, high blood pressure, cardiovascular diseases and several types of nutritional cancer. These chronic diseases were responsible for human suffering, social suffering, loss of productivity and economic stress for healthcare and other economic sectors. The increase in the obsessed population of the country affects both currently and in the near future on the country's workforce and the productivity of the country.

The last, but not the list is a lack of micronutrients. It is the insufficient supply of important vitamins and minerals. It is experienced by the poor as well as by the rich, agricultural and city residents. It is hunger that is hidden in Nigerian society under the guise of sufficiency. A lack of vitamins and minerals leads to an irreversible impairment of the child's physical and intellectual development. For this reason, this type of malnutrition focuses on pregnant women and children. According to some empirical conclusions, it was observed that even a moderate iodine deficiency during the fetal development and childhood lowers the intelligence quotient by 10-15 points. Folic acid deficiency is associated with severe birth defects. Inadequate iron affects the growth and learning ability of children and reduces their ability to concentrate, to fully participate, interact and develop in school and society; It also contributes to material mortality and the reduced productivity of the workforce. It is known that 40 % of children under the age of 5 suffer from vitamin A deficiency.

The three major nutritional problems in Nigeria are a major challenge for the weakening economy of the country and have led to falling imports of expensive protein -rich foods, oil and animal feed. Many parents now give up the task of breastfeeding, and all of this and many others contribute to the risk of malnutrition in Nigeria, and even more, now it is going through a quick socio -economic revolution.

government measures before democracy

The Nigerian economy was dominated by agriculture and trade that flourished during colonial rule in the 19th century. In the 1960s and 1970s, the oil industry developed and led to greatly increased export income and enabled massive investments in industry, agriculture, infrastructure and social sciences.

The severe decline in oil prices, economic mismanagement and the continuing military rule characterized Nigeria in the 1980s. In 1983, the US Agency for International Development (USA) began supporting the Nigerian Federal and State Ministry of Health in the development and implementation of programs for family planning and survival of children. In 1992, an HIV/AIDS prevention and control program for existing health activities was added. USAID provided $ 135 million for bilateral aid programs for the period from 1986 to 1996 when Nigeria carried out an initially successful structural adjustment program, but later gave it up. Plans to provide $ 150 million in support between 1993 and 2003 were interrupted by tensions in relationships between the United States and Nigeria due to human rights violations, the failed transition to democracy and a lack of cooperation between the Nigerian government in the matters of combating drug trafficking. In the mid-1990s, these problems led to a restriction of the USASID activities, from which the military government could benefit. Existing health programs have been redesigned to focus on the work by Nigerian non -governmental organizations and community groups at the base.

1987 the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (Iita) started under the direction of the main researcher Dr. Kenton Dashiell is an ambiguous effort in Nigeria to combat the widespread malnutrition. They promoted the use of nutrient -poor, economical soybeans in daily diet. They further said that soybeans are about 40 % more protein -rich than all other plant or animal food sources found in Africa. By adding corn, rice and other types of grain to the soybeans, the resulting protein corresponds to the standard of the United Nations' Nutrition and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Soybeans also contain about 20 % oil, which is 85 % unsaturated and cholesterol -free. Although many beautiful programs for relief from malnutrition began at this time, there were many other socio -economic thorns that hindered the popularity and the smooth functioning of these programs until the democratic period. The economic instability during this time favored malnutrition due to the autocratic government. There was little or no incoming efforts to combat malnutrition. The period can be described as the selfish period, as the state private interest dominated at the expense of the suffering masses.

The later intervention

The most interesting thing about this time is that it is characterized by promise and hope. Promise that the most important work instrument of that time is and the always current hope of maintaining the promise. At a meeting with the President of the International Union of Nutritional Sciences in 2002, the President Obasanjo promised to support better coordination of nutrition activities and programs in Nigeria, and said: “The high prevalence of malnutrition is completely unacceptable for this government, and he assured the IUNS president that he would do everything to ensure that resources are available to improve the nutritional security of households, improve access to health services and to improve mothers' care capacities, including support for the promotion of breastfeeding.

On September 27, 2005, Olusegun, the chairman of the Nigerian President, at lunch at the NASARAWA school feeding program at the Laminga primary school. The program is fully financed and managed by the state of Nasarawa, which makes it a unique model in Africa today. The groundbreaking event fulfills one of the promises to combat malnutrition, especially in children, of whom he observed that many are underweight between the ages of 7 and 13. He also promises to reach around 27 million children in the next 10 years.

Other international bodies such as the World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations International Children's Aid Work, the United States agency for International Development (USA), which was founded in 1992, but grew more faster during the democratic regime. They all and many more fight vigorously for the elimination of poverty and malnutrition.

There are many challenges that exist in some nutritional improvement programs. There is a need for the government to include nutritional research into national politics. You should be able to reach the corners and angles of the country. You should be able to coordinate all areas of the agencies to combat malnutrition. A more effective intervention is urgently required.

Nutrition is today an intervention issue and at the same time the inevitable duty of every nation. Although it is difficult to offer every person a solution, the government should try to reach people as far as possible via mobile agencies and mass media. A lot of effective research in the nation should be carried out in order to be updated with information, such as: Average state investments in nutrition per capita, current statistics of nutritional defects and information about nutritional initiatives as well as national political framework conditions and interinstitutional coordination mechanisms. There is a need to promote nutritional organizations, especially non -governmental organizations. The government should try to improve people's socio -economic life. Agriculture should be encouraged and improved in the country. The nutritional value of each product, both imported and non -imported products, should be checked. The government should promote a global nutritional agenda that would increase the visibility of nutrition at the national level and beyond.

If these solutions proposed above were taken into account, Nigeria would be strongly improved as a giant Africa and future giant of the global economy and thus eliminate the future economic storm, which Nigeria is exposed to because some of its citizens suffer from nutritional problems.