Ecological agriculture vs. conventional agriculture
Ecological agriculture vs. conventional agriculture
ecological agriculture vs. conventional agriculture
One of the most pressing topics of our time is sustainability. In the middle of climate change and the losses of natural resources, ecological agriculture is becoming increasingly important. It is set against conventional agriculture, the effects of which are criticized on the environment and climate. But what distinguishes ecological from conventional agriculture and what approach is superior to the other?
define the terms
In order to communicate discussions, it is important to understand exactly what is to be understood by ecological and conventional agriculture.
ecological agriculture
Ecological agriculture, also known as biological or organic farming, dispenses with the use of synthetic pesticides and artificial fertilizers. Instead, it relies on natural methods for soil fertility and pest control, such as crop rotation, green manure or the promotion of natural enemies of the pests. Ecological agriculture is operated according to strict guidelines, in Germany, among other things in accordance with the EC Eco Ordinance.
conventional agriculture
The term “conventional agriculture” is further caught and describes an agricultural approach that includes the use of modern technology, chemicals and industrial methods. This includes, for example, the use of pesticides and herbicide -resistant plants, intensive animal husbandry and synthetic fertilizers to increase productivity.
burden on the environment
One of the main differences between ecological and conventional agriculture is in the environmental aspect.
ecological agriculture
Ecological agriculture is rather advantageous from an environmental perspective. By avoiding chemical pesticides and fertilizers, less harmful substances get into the environment. Organic agriculture also promotes biodiversity because it offers more diverse habitats than conventional agriculture. By avoiding intensive land use forms, the soil is less used and soil erosion reduces. In addition, the ecologically managed soil binds more CO2 than conventionally cultivated, which contributes to the reduction of the greenhouse effect.
conventional agriculture
Conventional agriculture can have negative effects on the environment. Due to the intensive use of chemicals, they are released into the environment and can burden the groundwater. The intensive use of the soil can lead to soil erosion and valuable habitat is lost. In addition, a lot of energy is used in the production of fertilizers and pesticides and CO2 is released.
economic aspects
There are also differences between ecological and conventional agriculture in an economic point of view.
ecological agriculture
Ecological agriculture usually achieves lower yields, but is often less expensive for this, since expensive chemicals and fertilizers are saved. However, higher prices can be achieved through the strict regulations, which means that ecological agriculture is often economically worthwhile.
conventional agriculture
In conventional agriculture, earnings are usually higher than in ecological agriculture, but higher costs for fertilizers, pesticides and technical aids also apply. However, lower prices for the end consumers can be achieved due to high production quantities.
health aspects
Not only the environment, but also consumers benefit from ecological agriculture.
ecological agriculture
Foods from ecological agriculture are usually less burdened with pesticides than conventionally produced foods. This can be health -promoting, especially on a long -term view. In addition, food from ecological production is often richer in certain nutrients such as vitamins and minerals.
conventional agriculture
In contrast, there are conventionally produced foods that are more likely to have pesticides. These can be potentially harmful to health. However, the permissible residue's egg values in the EU are strictly regulated and are controlled.
conclusion
There is no clear judgment to be made as to whether ecological or conventional agriculture is the better option. Both have their advantages and disadvantages, both in terms of the environment, economy and health. It is important to find a suitable way for the responsible handling of our resources. Both the consumer and the farmer play a crucial role. It is up to all of us, in the form of conscious purchase decisions and practice -oriented research and development that set the course for sustainable and healthy agriculture. The way there will certainly be complex and full of challenges, but the need for such a change is obvious.