Study: Does air pollution fear?

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Air pollution is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases, but what effects does it have on the mood? This study showed that women with higher exposure to air pollution suffered more from anxiety. This paper is part of our special environmental medicine. Read the entire issue below. Reference Power MC, KioUmourtzoglou MA, hard Je, Okereke Oi, Laden F, Weisskopf MG. The relationship between previous exposure to fine dust air pollution and prevailing fear: observing cohort study. BMJ. March 24, 2015; 350: H1111. Design The purpose of this observing cohort study was to determine whether earlier higher exposure to air pollution through particles with strong anxiety symptoms can be associated. Participant …
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air pollution is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases, but what effects does it have on the mood? This study showed that women with higher exposure to air pollution suffered more from anxiety.

This paper is part of our special environmental medicine. Read the entire issue below.

Reference

Power Mc, KioUmourtzoglou MA, hard Je, Okereke Oi, Laden F, Weisskopf MG. The relationship between previous exposure to fine dust air pollution and prevailing fear: observing cohort study. BMJ. March 24, 2015; 350: H1111.

Design

The purpose of this observing cohort study was to determine whether earlier higher exposure to air pollution can be associated with strong anxiety symptoms.

participant

The researchers selected 71,271 women who took part in the Nurse 'Health Study (NHS) who lived in the adjacent United States and were available for the valid data for fine dust pollution in the periods of interest. The age was between 57 and 85 years (mean: 70 years).

medium

particle load

Using residential addresses that were updated every two years as part of the NHS, the researchers used widespread and length degree data to estimate the exposure to air pollution from fine dust, which was measured based on the fine dust values ​​(PM); This pollution was characterized by standard size categories (PM2.5 or PM10) during the periods of 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and 15 years before the participants evaluated on anxiety symptoms. The removal of the place of residence of main streets 2 years before the angelstone estimate was also determined.

fear

The fear level was assessed using the sub-scale for phobic fear of the Crown Crisp index.

important knowledge

A higher exposure to particles in the PM2.5 range (<2.5 μm in diameter) was significantly associated with an increased probability of strong anxiety symptoms over several periods. As an example, 10 µg/m 3 The increase in the PM2.5 average in the previous month increased the probability of high-grade fear by 12% (ODDS ratio [or]: 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06-1.19). The same increase in PM2.5 exposure in the past 12 months increased the probability of high fear only slightly more, namely by 15 %. [Or: 1.15, CI: 1.06-1.26]. A short -term exposure appeared more relevant than long -term exposure, with newer exposure possibly more relevant than longer exposures. Neither the larger particle size PM10 (2.5 µm up to 10 µm in diameter) nor the proximity of the place of residence to main roads seemed to be connected with fear.

practice implications

The potential connection between fine dust values ​​and anxiety is surprising. So far, we have associated high fine dust concentrations with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and respiratory diseases; as Walter Crinnion, nd, Notes In this edition of the journal for naturopathy Adjusted an adverse effects on the respiration, cardiovascular and nervous system, in addition to the stimulation of oxidative damage and inflammation ”.
The idea that PM pollutants could influence the mood is relatively new. The majority of these work focused on depressive symptoms. In an article from 2012 about women before menopause in rural India, Bannerjee et al. Via a strong correlation between depression and cooking with biomass pellets made of reprocessed organic material. As an explanation for this connection, the high PM values ​​were offered in the apartments of the participants that are the result of this cooking method. 1 also reported Cho in a publication from 2014 about a significant connection between air pollution values ​​in Korea and the number of emergency rooms due to depressive symptoms.
These results certainly have a clear clinical implication. We should take into account the possible effects of air quality in every patient with anxiety symptoms.
in an overview of January 2015, Tzivian et al. Over 15 articles that deal with the long -term effects of air pollution and ambient noise on cognitive and psychological functions in adults. Your conclusion: "It was shown separately that both exposure with one or more measurements of global cognitive function, verbal and non -verbal learning and memory, activities of daily life, depressed symptoms, increased fear and harassment are associated." Disconnect. 3 For example, a study of April 2015 tells us that traffic police officers in Pakistan often often suffer from depression, stress, public conflicts, irritation, behavioral problems, language disorders, hypertension, loss of concentration, hearing disorders, headaches and cardiovascular diseases. The authors of this study blamed high noise levels for these cognitive effects, although they failed to specify PM exposure level.
A study from March 2014, which was looking for a connection between fine dust pollution and depression in Boston, could not prove it 5 ; This article was immediately criticized for its methodology.
The smallest particles in the air (pm0.1 or smaller) are small enough to get into the brain from the lungs into the blood and then via the blood-brain barrier. In addition, larger particles (PM2.5 and PM10) can transport small molecules such as solvent residues, which then cross the alveoli and get directly into the bloodstream. This is probably the reason why air pollution in adults is associated with stroke and depression and why children who are exposed to pollution are “showing significant systemic inflammation, immundysregulation at systemic, intrathefecharal and brain level, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the brain, together with the main features of Alzheimer's and Parkinson Diseases ”. 7
This current report on a significant connection with PM and anxiety should not be surprised. The only surprise is that we had not yet considered this possibility. These results certainly have a clear clinical implication. We should take into account the possible effects of air quality in every patient with anxiety symptoms.
A potential improvement in anxiety symptoms could be achieved if patients simply use an air filter at home. Only a few medical interventions will go hand in hand with a lower risk profile, a consideration that is often important for anxious patients. The potential side effects of using an air filter are all desirable, in particular a reduced CVD risk and, according to a paper from March 2015, a reduced risk of stroke.

  1. Banerjee M, Siddique S, Dutta A, Mukherjee B, Ranjan Ray M. Cooking with biomass increases the risk of depression in women before menopause in India. SOC sci med. August 2012; 75 (3): 565-572.
  2. Cho J, Choi Yj, Suh M, et al. Air pollution as a risk factor for depressive episodes in patients with cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus or asthma. j affect disord. March 2014; 157: 45-51.
  3. tzivian L., Winkler A., ​​Dlugaj M. et al. Effect of long -term external air pollution and noise on cognitive and psychological functions in adults. intj hyg environ health. 2015; 218 (1): 1-11.
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