Suche
Mein Konto
reference
Foshati S, Poursadeghfard M, Heidari Z, Amani R. The effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale) Supplement to clinical, biochemical and anthropometric parameters in patients with multiple sclerosis: a double -blind, randomized, controlled study.Food function2023;14(8):3701-3711.
Study objective
To determine whether a ginger supplement affects the symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) over a period of 12 weeks
Key to take away
After 12 weeks, ginger treatment significantly improved MS disability objectively and subjectively but had no significant effect on body mass index (BMI).
design
Randomized, placebo -controlled double -blind study
Participant
The final analysis included 52 subjects (aged 18–50 years) with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Investigators examined 196 adults; 135 did not meet the criteria and 9 declined to participate. That left 52 participants: 26 in the treatment group and 26 in the placebo group. One participant in the treatment group and two in the placebo group had SARS-CoV-2 at week 12 follow-up, but researchers included all 52 in the intention-to-treat analysis.
Inclusion criteria: Men and nonmenopausal women aged 18 to 50 years, score of<4.5 on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), no MS relapse or corticosteroid therapy in the past 3 months, no change in the type or dose of the MS medication in the past 6 months and willingness to participate.
Exclusion criteria: other autoimmune diseases, cancer, pregnancy, MS relapse or corticosteroid therapy during the study, change in dose or type of MS medication during the study, allergic reaction to ginger or placebo (corn), supplementation with antioxidants or nutrients other than vitamin D, or consumption of less than 90% of ginger or Placebo supplements.
intervention
Participants took 1 capsule of either ginger (500 mg per capsule) or corn (500 mg per capsule) three times daily, prepared by Dineh Iran Industries Complex, Tehran, Iran.
Each 500 mg vessel contains 25 mg of gingerole, which corresponds to a total dose of 75 mg of gingeroles per day. Each bottle of placeboksules was added to a small amount of ginger powder to create a similar ginger smell. The participants took ginger or placebo for breakfast for 12 weeks, lunch and dinner, a total of 1,500 mg per day.
Evaluated study parameters
Extended disability status scale (EDSS), multiple sclerosis Impact scale (MSIS-29), BMI, neurofilament light chain (NFL), neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), interleukin 17 (IL-17) and matrix metaloproteinase-9 (MMP-9).
Key findings
Treatment with 500 mg ginger three times a day, with a daily total absorption of 75 mg gingeroles, led to a significant improvement in MS disability (EDSS), the physical MSIS-29 and psychological MSIS-29 scores after 12 weeks; It also significantly reduced NLR and IL-17, but had no significant influence on MMP-9 or BMI.
The MSIS-29 physical scale was significantly different, with a higher score in the ginger group, indicating a higher level of physical disability in the treatment group. Dietary intake of macro- and micronutrients as well as energy expenditure did not differ significantly between the ginger and placebo groups during the experiment.
After a 12-week ginger supplementation of 1,500 mg/day, the EDSS, MSIS-29-physics and MSIS-29 psycho-psycho scores and IL-17 had decreased significantly. In the placebo group, EDSS, MSIS-29 physically and MSIS-29 psychologically, IL-17, NFL and NLR rose significantly.
In none of the groups there was a significant change in the BMI or MMP-9. In the ginger group, the researchers found no significant change in NFL or NLR. The authors argue that these changes were statistically and clinically significant changes in an MS patient, which could also be the case, but there were no physical tests or studies to confirm or refute these results, but only the views of the patients who were obtained from a questionnaire after 12 weeks.
Side effects were reported in 2 treatment patients and 3 control patients. They included heartburn and abdominal pain in the treatment group and in the control group heartburn with two and headache in one person. If we take into account the nature of this plant substance, the side effects in the treatment group are not unexpected, especially if the participants did not adhere to instructions for taking together with a meal. The researchers did not report any subjects who had taken less than 90 % of the capsules required during the test.
transparency
The authors of the study stated that there are no conflicts of interest. The study was financed by the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences under the support number 3400357.
Effects and restrictions for practice
Zingiber officinale is a well-known anti-inflammatory plant and food that contains gingerols, shogaols, zingerone, quercetin, alpha-curcumen and other active ingredients.1Several studies have suggested potential benefit in MS and other neurodegenerative diseases.2.3A mouse study showed that Gingerol-6 inhibited the migration of inflammatory cells from the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system, neuroinflammation and demyelination, the activation of dendritic cells by lipopolysaccharides and the phosphorylation of NF-ĸB (nuclear factor Kappa-light chain) activated B cells) that could all be factors at MS.4
Clinically, it has beneficial effects on bacterial infections, colic, atonic dyspepsia, gastric atony, headache, rheumatism, inflammation and diabetes.
A current process againstZingiberAnd Pilates ran for 12 weeks. At the end of the 12 weeks, the ginger plus pilates arm had a significant increase in the neurotrophic factor (BDNF) derived from the brain and a significant decrease in the tumor necrosis factor alpha, compared to the Pilates arms only, only ginger and the control arms.5
Zingiberis native to East and Southeast Asia. The Romans brought it to Europe from Arabic traders and it was popular in the 9th centuryTHCentury. The Spaniard Francesco de Mendoza later brought it to Mexico.6Ginger has been cultivated in India for more than 3,000 years.6There are several types within this genus, and the common name ginger includes several species in the genusAlpinia,,Asarum,,AndKaempferia.6Today it is mainly grown in Nigeria (56.2%), India (23.6%) and China (4.5%).7Clinically, it has beneficial effects on bacterial infections, colic, atonic dyspepsia, gastric atony, headache, rheumatism, inflammation and diabetes.6It also has antioxidant properties when cooking and frying.8It is a herbal remedy with a wide range of uses and possibly multiple sclerosis can be added to the list of diseases that it benefits fromZingiber officinale.
Summary
In this processZingiber officinale With 500 mg three times a day compared to a placebo made of corn with a similar smell, the multiple sclerosis disabilities (EDSS) and the physical and psychological MSIS-29 scores had a positive effect, together with a reduction in IL-17 and NLR, but had no impact on the BMI or MMP-9. The dose of 1,500 mg was within the generally recognized safe dose of 4,000 mg per day. In this study, physical examinations or similar assessments of clinical effectiveness were missing. The side effects were minimal and included heartburn and abdominal pain. This could be effective treatment for MS patients in the long term if researchers can demonstrate neurological knowledge from animal experiments on humans.
The study was easy to read and follow, but the researchers described not the exact treatment method, such as zZingiber officinalePreparation and standardization, which will make replication or parallel studies challenging.